苹果果实中毒死蜱残留的品种间差异及套袋对毒死蜱残留的影响

为探讨苹果果实中毒死蜱残留的品种间差异及套袋对其残留的影响作用,采用气相色谱法（GC-FPD）,研究了不同品种苹果果实中毒死蜱的残留动态以及套袋对苹果果实不同部位中毒死蜱残留的影响。结果表明,毒死蜱在苹果果实中的残留量存在着明显的品种差异,其中红富士属于高农药残留的品种,而嘎拉、红将军和83-1-70-3则属于低农药残留的品种。毒死蜱在苹果果实不同部位中的残留量表现出明显差异,果皮是毒死蜱残留的主要部位,其次是全果,果肉中的残留最少。套袋明显减少了毒死蜱在苹果果实中的残留量,不论处理浓度和取样时间如何,套袋苹果果实中毒死蜱的残留量比不套袋至少减少1/3。

Difference of Chlorpyrifos Residue in Fruits of Various Apple Cultivars and Bagging Effect on the Residue

Apple is one of important fruits exported in China. The pesticide residue in apple fruit directly impacts the export trade of agricultural products and safety of consumer. Chlorpyrifos is one of organophosphorous pesticides permitted to be used in apple production. In order to evaluate the difference of chlorpyrifos residue in fruits of various apple cultivars and effects of fruit bagging on fruit chlorpyrifos residue, chlorpyrifos residue quantity in different tissues of fruit of various apple cultivars was determined with gas chromatography（GC- FPD）. The results showed that there was a significant difference among apple cultivars in chlorpyrifos residue in the fruit, Red Fuji belonged to the cultivar with high pesticide residues, while Gala, Red General and 83-1-70-3 to the cultivars with low pesticide residues. Chlorpyrifos residues showed significant difference in different fruit tissues of apple, the final residue of pesticide in the pericarp was the highest, followed in the whole fruit, lowest in the pulp. Chlorpyrifos residue in apple fruit was significantly decreased with bagging. Regardless of the pesticide concentration applied, and sampling time, pesticide residue in bagged apple fruit reduced by 33% as compared with that in fruit without being bagged.