GFP叶绿体转化烟草茎叶降解对土壤微生物数量及土壤酶活性的影响

以GFP叶绿体转基因烟草及对照烟草（非转基因烟草）为材料,在实验室条件下研究了叶绿体转基因烟草及对照烟草（非转基因烟草）在茎叶降解过程中及完全降解后对土壤微生物主要类群（细菌、真菌、放线菌）的影响,并对相关的土壤酶活性进行了分析。结果表明,在烟草茎叶降解过程中及完全降解后：（1）叶绿体转基因烟草及对照烟草（非转基因烟草）对微生物的数量影响不显著;（2）土壤微生物总量相比为细菌〉放线菌〉真菌;（3）叶绿体转基因烟草茎叶降解对土壤酶活性没有显著影响;（4）GFP基因没有水平转移到土壤微生物基因组中。以上结果显示GFP叶绿体转化烟草茎叶降解对土壤微生物数量及土壤酶活性没有显著的影响。

Effects of the Stem and Leaf Decomposition of GFP Transplastomic Tobacco on Microorganism Populations and Enzymes Activity in Soil

The development and use of genetically modified plants（GMPs） have been a topic of considerable public debate in recent years.And there are many studies addressing potential risks of GMP cultivation,most of which have addressed only aboveground effects.However,there are few studies that evaluate the effects of the residue decomposition of transplastomic tobacco on microorganism populations and enzymes activity in soil.To study the effect of the transplastomic tobacco residue on the soil ecological environment,the communities of bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes and soil enzyme activities were investigated between the GFP transplastomic tobacco plants and the controls（non-genetically modified tobacco） during and after their stems and leaves complete decomposition.The results showed：（1）The effect of transplastomic tobacco and control tobacco to major microbial groups in amount was not significantly different.（2）No matter transplastpmic tobacco or controls,the microbial number was bacteriaactinomycetefungi.（3）Soil enzyme activities were not affected by stem and leaf decomposition of GFP transplastomic tobacco.（4）No GFP gene had transferred to soil microbial.These results suggested that decomposition of GFP transplastomic tobacco residue had no distinct effect on microorganism populations and enzymes activity in soil.