纳米硒对镉胁迫下吉富罗非鱼非特异性免疫和抗氧化功能的影响

通过在基础饵料中添加不同水平的纳米硒（Nanometer Selenium,NSe）,探讨其对镉暴露下吉富罗非鱼（genetic improvementof farmed tilapia,GIFT）非特异性免疫和抗氧化功能的保护作用。将吉富罗非鱼随机分为5个处理组,即对照组（Control）、镉胁迫组（Cd stressed,CdS）和纳米硒低、中、高剂量组（NSe L、M、H）。在NSe L、M和H3组基础饵料中分别添加0.125、0.250、0.500mgSe·kg-1的纳米硒,连续30d,Control和CdS组投喂基础饵料。第15d,CdS组和NSe3组用0.5mg·L-1Cd2＋的镉溶液进行为期16d的镉处理。结果表明：与Control组比较,0.5mg·L-1Cd2＋的暴露降低了吉富罗非鱼血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、酸性磷酸酶（ACP）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）和溶菌酶（LYS）活力以及白细胞的吞噬活性（PA）和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）水平,增加了丙二醛（MDA）含量;与CdS组比较,NSe增强了吉富罗非鱼血清GSH-Px、ACP、AKP和LYS活力,提高了白细胞PA和T-AOC水平,降低了MDA含量。研究结果显示：饵料中添加纳米硒可在一定程度上改善镉胁迫所造成的吉富罗非鱼非特异性免疫功能和抗氧化能力的下降,对镉暴露起到一定保护作用。

Effect of Nanometer Selenium on Nonspecific Immunity and Antioxidase of GIFT Stressed by Cadmium

The objective of this experiment was to assess the protective impacts of nanometer selenium（NSe） on antioxidant and nonspecific immunity in genetic improvement of farmed tilapia（GIFT） stressed by cadmium. GIFT were randomly divided into five groups：control, CdS（Cd stressed）and NSe low, middle, high doze groups（NSe L, M, H）. Basal fish food of NSe L, M and H three groups were added NSe by 0.125 mgSe·kg-1, 0.250 mgSe·kg-1, 0.500 mgSe·kg-1 respectively every day for 30 days, Control and CdS were given basal fish food. At the fifteenth day, CdS and NSe groups were exposure in cadmium solution（0.5 mg·L-1 Cd2＋） for sixteen days. The results showed that 0.5 mg·L-1 Cd2＋ cadmium solution weakened GSH-Px, ACP, AKP, LYS and Phagocytic activities of GIFT tilapia, increased MDA content, compared with control group. Compared with CdS group, NSe carried an contribution to enhanced GSH-Px, ACP, AKP, LYS and Phagocytic activities of GIFT tilapia, reduced MDA content. This present experiment indicates that NSe supplementation could effectively ameliorate deterioration of nonspecific immunity and antioxidant function in GIFT tilapia stressed by cadmium to a certain extent, strengthen protection against cadmium exposure.