合理灌溉施肥对贺兰山东麓初果期酿酒葡萄的影响研究

贺兰山东麓葡萄管理中存在大水漫灌水分利用率低以及重视氮磷钾肥,忽视中量元素和腐殖酸类肥料等问题。针对初果期酿酒葡萄需水需肥规律采用田间试验的方式分别设置合理的施肥及灌溉试验后,分别测定其生长发育以及品质和产量。结果显示:在滴灌节水50%的基础上,滴灌促进了酿酒葡萄新梢的生长,增加了叶片磷素、叶柄氮素和钾素含量积累,显著增加了果实可溶性固形物及Vc,降低了总酸度;钙镁硫肥显著提升了叶片全氮和可溶性糖含量,总酸度降低;腐殖酸肥能显著增加叶片干重,并显著提升可溶性糖和Vc含量。在滴灌条件下增施中量营养元素和腐殖酸肥对贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄生长和产量品质有巨大促进作用。

Influence of Reasonable Irrigation and Fertilization on Early Fruit Wine Grapes in Helan Mountain

In the eastern Helan Mountain,the grape management has the problems as low water use efficiency of flood irrigation,emphasizing N P K fertilizer and ignoring the middle elements and humic acid fertilizer.Based on the water and fertilizer demand laws of the early fruit wine grapes,the field experiments is conducted by establishing reasonable irrigation and fertilizer application and the growth and quality of the wine grape are measured under each treatment.The results show that drip irrigation,besides 50% water saving,can promote the growth of wine grape shoot,increase leaf phosphorus,petioles nitrogen and potassium content,and significantly increase fruit soluble solids,Vc and reduce the total acidity.The Ca,Mg,S fertilizer significantly improve the leaf total nitrogen and soluble sugar content and decrease the total acidity.The humic acid fertilizer significantly increase the dry leaf weight and enhance the content of soluble sugar and Vc.Under the drip irrigation,using middle elements and humic acid fertilizer have a huge role in promoting the growth,yield and quality of wine grapes in Helan Mountain.