不同方法提取烟叶中的茄尼醇及其生物活性研究

[目的]筛选烟叶中茄尼醇合适的提取方法。[方法]采用1,1-二苯基苦基苯肼(DPPH)法和琼脂平板扩散法,考察3种方法提取的烟叶中茄尼醇的抗氧化性和抑菌活性。[结果]索氏提取、超声提取和超临界提取的皂化后烟叶粉末中的茄尼醇对DPPH的半清除率IC50分别为56.435、4.774、9.48 mg/L,索氏提取、超声提取的未皂化烟叶中的茄尼醇对DPPH的IC50分别为47.224、4.45 mg/L,对照Vc的IC50为13.89 mg/L,茄尼醇和Vc等体积混合清除DPPH的曲线介于两者之间。不同方法提取的茄尼醇的抑菌活性由强到弱依次为:超临界提取>索氏提取>超声提取。皂化对提取物的抗氧化性和抑菌活性都有负面影响。[结论]不同方法提取的烟叶中茄尼醇生物活性由强到弱依次为:超临界提取>索氏提取>超声提取。

Comparison on Bioactivities of Solanesol Extracted from Tobacco Leaves by Different Methods

[Objective] The aim was to select suitable method for extracting solanesol from tobacco leaves.[Method] DPPH method and agar plate diffusion were used to investigate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of solanesol extracted from tobacco leaves by 3 methods.[Result] The rates of semi-scavenging(IC50) of solanesol extracted by soxhlet,ultrasonic and supercritical extractions from saponated tobacco leaf powder on DPPH were 56.43,54.77 and 49.48 mg/L resp.,that of solanesol extracted by soxhlet and ultrasonic extractions from non saponated tobacco leaves on DPPH were 47.22 and 44.45 mg/L resp.and that of Vc(CK) was 13.89 mg/L.The curve of DPPH scavenge rate of mixture of solanesol and Vc with equal volumes was between theirs.The antibacterial activities of solanesol extracted by different methods in order were supercritical extraction > soxhlet extraction > ultrasonic extraction.Saponification had negative effects on both antioxidant and antibacterial activities of extracts.[Conclusion] The bioactivities of solanesol extracted from tobacco leaves by different methods in order were supercritical extraction > soxhlet extraction > ultrasonic extraction.