Genetic control of agronomic traits in alfalfa (<Emphasis Type="Italic">M. sativa</Emphasis> ssp. <Emphasis Type="Italic">sativa</Emphasis> L.) |
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Authors: | Dragan Mili? Slobodan Kati? ?ura Karagi? Jelica Gvozdanovi?–Varga Sofija Petrovi? Jan Bo?anski |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, M. Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;(2) Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, D. Obradovića 8, Novi Sad, Serbia |
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Abstract: | The objective of this study was to develop diallel population hybrids by crossing selected germplasm and to determine the
gene effects and genetic control of yield and yield components using diallel analysis. A complete diallel including reciprocals
was made during 2003 and 2004 between five alfalfa cultivars of different geographic origin. For each pairwise cross, five
plants were chosen at random from each of the two cultivars (~100 florets per plant) to obtain the F1 generation. A spaced plant field was established in 2006 which included the five alfalfa cultivars (parents) and their 20
diallel hybrids (F1). The results of the diallel analysis suggest that the genetic control of major agronomic traits is determined by both additive
gene action (accumulation of frequency of desirable alleles represented by significant GCA effects) and nonadditive gene action
(complementary gene interactions represented by significant SCA effects). This type of gene action expression in alfalfa also
determines the way in which breeding is carried out and brings about changes in the methods used and has given rise to the
idea of the semi-hybrid breeding of this crop. The concept involves: breeding alfalfas within the population, identification
of heterotic germplasm, and the production of seed of the population hybrid (PH). |
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