用生物间遗传学研究水稻品种和稻瘟病菌之间的相互关系

在温室中,将供试的13个水稻品种和7个鉴别品种的幼苗用稻瘟病菌的11个菌株分别进行接种,以同等条件下鉴别品种对菌株的反应所确定的小种,作为供试品种对该小种的反应,然后应用生物间遗传学的原理和方法来推导品种和菌株的基因型。结果表明:供试的水稻品种和稻瘟病菌株(或小种)间存在17个限定性相应基因对,不同品种所含的抗病性基因数有所不同,其作用是在相应的无毒性菌株(或小种)存在情况下而表现出品种的抗病性基因愈多,可能表现的抗病力愈强。本研究结果为水稻抗稻瘟病育种选择抗原亲本以及生产上选用具有较多抗病基因的品种进行合理布局,提供了有重要参考价值的遗传学信息和依据。

APPLICATION OF INTERORGANISMAL GENETICS IN THE STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PYRICULARIA ORYZA AND RICE CULTIVARS IN FUJIAN PROVINCE

The seedlings of 13 ordinary rice cultivars or hybrid lines and 7differential varieties were inoculated respectively in green house with11 isolates of rice blast pathogen (Pyricularia oryzae).Pathogenic raceswere determined by the reactions of the differential varieties and thesereactions were used for evaluation of reactions of tested rice cultivars orlines to the races in the same tests under the same conditions.The infec-tion types obtained were used to derive the genotypes of rice cultivarsand blast strains based on the principles and methods used in interor-ganismal genetics.The results showed that there were 17 definitive cor-responding gene pairs resulting from the interaction of cultivars andstrains.The number of resistant genes carried by the different cultivarstogether with the corresponding avirulent genes carried by the dif-ferent strains were listed in this paper.It agreed with the practical situ-ation that the more resistant genes the cultivar had,the better resist-ance it would show to the blast disease in the field.The results ob-tained in this study would provide a useful information in rice breedingfor blast resistance and in extension work for using resistant cultivars.The problems on the application of interorganismal genetics and theroutine genetic analysis were also discussed.