基于地统计学和GIS的低丘红壤养分空间变异及其分布研究——以龙游县低丘红壤为例

以浙江省龙游县的低丘红壤地区为例，采用GIS和地统计学相结合的方法，对其表层土壤的有机质和有效氮两种养分的空间变异特征进行分析，结果表明：有机质变异函数曲线的理论模型能较好的符合球状模型，有效氮对数转换后，也符合球状模型。有机质具有强烈的空间相关性，说明受母质、地形、土壤类型等结构性因素影响较大；有效氮具有中等的空间相关性，说明受结构性因素和施肥、作物、管理水平等随机因素共同影响。结合高程分级图、坡度分级图、坡向图和最新的土地利用现状图，发现有机质和有效氮的空间变异受到土地利用类型、海拔、坡度和坡向的影响，其中坡度的影响必须在同一高程范围内考虑。整个研究区的有机质和有效氮含量基本上处于中低等水平。

Spatial Variance and Distribution of Soil Nutrients in Hilly Area by Geo-statistic and GIS

Analysis on spatial variance of organic matter and available nitrogen of red soil surface layer in the hilly area of Longyou,Zhejiang province by geo-statistic and GIS resulted that the semivariogram for soil organic matter was well fitted by spherical model,while that for logarithm conversion value of alkaline hydrolysable nitrogen(AHN) was the same.The spatial variance of organic matter was primarily controlled by structural factors like parent material,relief and soil types,whereas that of AHN was greatly affected by random factors such as fertilization,crop system and soil management.Analysis on the maps of spatial distribution of soil organic matter and AHN interpolated by Kriging interpolation,as well as these of altitude and slope,exposure and of the latest land use showed that the soil organic matter and AHN tended to be influenced by type of land use,altitude,slope and exposure,among which,influence of the slope should be in the same range of altitude.Medium-graded organic matter and AHN in the hilly area of Longyou,fertilization for high yield was recommended based on differences of relief and the type of land use.