基于GIS的畜禽养殖废弃物土地处理适宜性评价研究

以福建省龙岩市新罗区铁山镇为研究区域,对畜禽养殖废弃物土地处理的适宜性进行了评价。主要探讨了评价因子的遴选以及因子量化过程,通过目标定位比较法确定因子权重,利用地理信息系统技术的空间分析功能及图形和属性结合,将区域自然、环境、社会和经济等多因素通过指数加和模型实现了对畜禽养殖废弃物土地处理适宜性的评价。结果表明,该研究区域有24.05%的土地适宜施用畜禽养殖废弃物,同时根据相应的适宜程度建议采用不同的管理措施。

GIS - Based Evaluation of Suitability for Application of Animal Wastes on Land

Application of animal wastes on land is an effective approach to recycle potential agricultural pollutants, while achieving agricultural sustainability. Overall suitability for animal waste application in fields may vary depending on various site characteristics, including the changes of biophysical, environmental, social and economic factors. This paper presents a method of evaluating land suitability of animal waste application based on geographic information system in Tieshan Town, Xinluo County, Longyan City, Fujian Province, China. The approach includes a procedures of splitting entire region to establish proper evaluating cell, selection of reasonable evaluating factors and quantifying these factors with objective - orientated comparitive method. The method has primarily taken land use effects, soil type and fertility, topography, proximity to roads and surface water bodies, and other political issues into consideration. Finally, application of GIS techniques, including multicriteria spatial analysis as well as combination of graph and attribute, are used to evaluate the land suitability based on weighted linear combination model. The results indicated that only 24. 05% of the area was found to be suitable for animal waste application, while most of which was distributed in a valley along a mainstream because of hilly characteristics of the site. The high, medium and low suitability sites accounted for 0. 28%, 5.61% and 18. 16% respectively. Different management measures, which are implemented to reduce nutrient losses, should be adjusted according to various degrees of the site suitability. The outcome of integral evaluation provided scientific support and theory base for both government policy - makers and farmers. This approach based on GIS could also be used as an example for other regions where may encounter similar environmental problems from the application of animal waste are present.