珠芽魔芋弥勒种(Amorphophallus muelleri)的生物学特性及发展前景

能生长珠芽的魔芋有4个种,它们是红魔芋（2个种）、弥勒魔芋及攸乐魔芋。虽与现有栽培种在植株外观上有显著不同,但前3个种在植株花型、色泽、植株叶柄及花柄特征上仍有显著差异。红魔芋与弥勒魔芋虽皆以无性开花结籽的方式获得成熟种子,但在4个种中,红魔芋与攸乐魔芋则存在葡甘聚糖含量低或粘度低,产品品质差,无法获得合格产品等问题,不宜作为栽培种大面积种植。弥勒魔芋组织中葡甘聚糖含量可达75%,粘度超过40000mPa.s、糊液透明度好,精粉货架期长,经济价值最高,竞争优势明显,是规模化发展的理想栽培种。

Biology Characteristic and Prospect of Amorphophallus muelleri in Plantation of Konjac

Four species of konjac form small bulbs,called bulbils,in their leaf axils,namely Amorphophallus bulbifer,A.muelleri,A.yuloensis and A.erubescens,but only the first two have higher economic value,A.bulbifer and A.muelleri are not easy to distinguish based on the appearance of the plant and leaves.The main characters distinguishing them are the colour of the stem and the shape or colour of the flowers.A.bulbifer has reddish flowers while flower colour in A.muelleri is purple with white spots.The content of glucomannan in the corm of A.muelleri could be 75%,much higher than in the commonly grown species such as A.konjac and A.bulbifer.The maxium viscosity could be over 40000mPa·s.sand with good transparency of the colloid solution from glucomannan extracted from A.muelleri are superior.Hence,it can be concluded that A.muelleri is the most suitable species to be cultivated on a large scale and sharp increase for konjac production is expected.