Effect of co-monomer ratio in ABS and wood content on processing and properties in wood/ABS composites |
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Authors: | P Threepopnatkul W Teppinta N Sombatsompop |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Wood Mechanics and Technology, Istanbul University, Forestry Faculty, Bahcekoy, Sariyer, 34473 Istanbul, Turkey |
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Abstract: | Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene copolymers (ABS) reinforced with wood flour were investigated for rheological, mechanical
and thermal properties. Three grades of commercial ABS resin (high flow (HF-ABS), medium impact (MI-ABS) and super high impact
(SI-ABS) grades) were characterized using H-NMR and elemental analysis for the determination of co-monomer content. Wood flour
from Para rubber trees treated with N-2 (aminoethyl)-3-(aminopropyl) trimethoxy silane was blended with ABS in the melt blending
process using a twin-screw extruder. Wood flour contents used in this work were 0.0 %, 9.1 %, and 33.3 % wt. The composites
with higher acrylonitrile contents showed higher melt viscosity especially at the low shear rate. Carreau’s model was used
for curve-fitting. The extrudate swell ratio of the composites tended to increase at the shear rate of 10–500 s−1 and then decreased dramatically once the shear rate were further applied. Neat ABS and wood/ABS composites with higher butadiene
content illustrated a higher swelling ratio. The neat MI-ABS and composites showed the highest ultimate tensile strength and
modulus due to the butadiene content effect. As the wood flour loading was increased, the tensile modulus of all ABS composites
increased with the sacrifice of the tensile strength of composites. The elongation at break and impact strength were noticeably
the highest for wood/SI-ABS composites among all because of the effect of rubbery butadiene content. Thermal stability of
plastic in 9.1 % wood in HF-ABS composites was improved compared with the neat HF-ABS due to the low acrylonitrile content. |
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