菜用大豆种质资源评价与筛选

通过对121份来自全国各地种质资源的大豆生育期、农艺性状、产量性状及菜用大豆相关品质及炭疽病抗性性状进行评价,筛选适宜浙江地区种植的菜用大豆品种资源。结果表明:121份大豆种质资源在生育期、农艺性状、品质性状和炭疽病抗性方面呈现丰富的遗传多样性,各性状种质资源差异显著;生育期为80～128 d,鲜籽单株产量为14.973～148.791 g,可溶性蛋白含量为29.037～136.683 mg·g^-1,可溶性糖含量为4.310～31.130 mg·g^-1,游离氨基酸含量为6.560 7～37.972 7 mg·kg^-1,维生素C含量为4.832～15.460 mg·kg^-1。采用主成分分析法从121份大豆种质资源中筛选出通化平顶香、豫豆19、中黄58、冀豆21、菏豆13、六月黄为适于浙江地区菜用大豆品种选育的资源。

Evaluation and Screening of Fresh Soybean Germplasm

The growth period traits, agronomic traits, yield traits, fresh soybean related quality and anthracnose resistance in 121 soybean germplasms from different parts of China were evaluated to screen resources suitable for planting in Zhejiang district. The results showed there were abundant genetic variation and diversity in growth period, agronomic traits, quality traits and anthracnose resistance in 121 soybean germplasms. The growth period was 80-128 d, the fresh grain yield per plant was 14.973-148.791 g, the soluble protein content was 29.037-136.683 mg·g^-1, the soluble sugar content was 4.310-31.130 mg·g^-1, the free amino acid content was 6.560 7-37.9727 mg·kg^-1 and the vitamin C content was 4.832-15.460 mg·kg^-1. Six varieties, Tonghuapingdingxiang, Yudou 19, Zhonghuang 58, Jidou 21, Hedou 13, June yellow, were screened out for suitable vegetable soybean germplasms in 121 soybean germplasms by Principal Component Analysis(PCA) and could be used for vegetable soybean breeding in Zhejiang district in the future.