18份大豆品种耐盐碱性筛选与综合鉴定

采用水培方法,用60 mmol·L^-1混合盐(NaHCO_3∶Na_2CO_3的摩尔比为9∶1)溶液,对18份大豆品种的幼苗进行盐碱胁迫。处理7 d后,测定株高、茎粗、叶面积、主根长、地上干重、净光合速率(Pn)、胞间CO_2浓度(Ci)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(Gs)等指标,通过主成分分析法和模糊数学隶属函数法对18份大豆品种进行耐盐碱性综合评价,并进行聚类分析,筛选出相对耐盐碱的大豆品种,从而为盐碱地大豆品种的应用提供理论依据。结果表明:经主成分分析,株高、主根长和净光合速率(Pn)的负荷量最大,可作为衡量大豆耐盐碱性与品种筛选的主要指标。不同品种大豆材料经过模糊数学隶属函数法进行耐盐碱性排序,品种间耐盐碱性表现出明显差异,最后通过聚类分析,18份大豆品种可以被分为三大类,其中杂交豆5号等4个品种为耐盐碱品种,吉育611和吉育299等11个品种为中等耐盐碱品种,吉育256和东农63为盐碱敏感品种。

Salt and Alkaline Tolerance Screening and Comprehensive Identification of Eighteen Soybean Varieties

Under hydroponic conditions, the seedlings of eighteen soybean varieties were treated with water containing 60 mmol·L^-1 mixed salt(NaHCO3 and Na2CO3 with the molar ratio of 9∶1).To evaluate the saline-alkali tolerance of different soybean varieties, conduct cluster analysis and provid theoretical basis for the utilization of soybean in saline-alkali land, the indexes of plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, main root length, dry weight above ground, net photosynthetic rate(Pn), intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci), transpiration rate(Tr) and stomatal conductance(Gs)were measured after 7 d stress treatment, and the principal component analysis and membership function of fuzzy mathematics were conducted. The results showed that the factor loadings of plant height, main root length and net photosynthetic rate(Pn) indexes were the largest by principal component analysis, which could be used as the main identification indicators for the selection of salt and alkali tolerant soybean varieties. Varieties were sorted according to the membership function, Eighteen soybean varieties showed significant differences in salt and alkali tolerance, and they could be divided into three categories. Among them, four soybean materials including hybrid soybean 5 were salt-alkali tolerant varieties, eleven varieties materials including Jiyu 611 and Jiyu 299 were medium saline-alkali tolerant varieties, and two materials, Jiyu 256 and Dongnong 63, were saline-alkali sensitive tolerant varieties.