福建省乡村风水林树种结构特征

运用分层随机抽样法,对福建省88个乡村的风水林进行调查,结果表明:(1)福建省乡村风水林树种组成较为丰富,包括35个科、55个属、69个种;(2)风水林主要应用树种有榕树、香樟、枫香、龙眼、木荷、细柄阿丁枫、石楠、蚊母、朴树、锥栗等;(3)种类和数量组成规律:山区型>半山型>平地型>沿海型;(4)风水林分布以单株和片林形式存在,分布区域主要集中在村口、庙祠、房周、坟墓、山腰、围村、水口和村内其它地方;(5)风水林总体保护状况较好,80.38%的风水林没有遭到破坏,仅有19.62%的风水林遭受了破坏或开始退化,其中10.13%的风水林受到较大程度破坏或开发;(6)风水林主要乔木水平分布以60 cm以上大径级为主,多数平均高度均在10 m以上;(7)风水林树种健康状况总体较优,其中健康树种、正常树种和不健康树种所占比例分别23.13%、72.89%、3.98%。

Tree Species Structure Characteristics of Village Geomantic Forest in Fujian Province

By using stratified sampling method,the geomantic forests of 88 villages in Fujian Province were investigated.The main results were as follows:(1)The plant composition of village geomantic forests in Fujian Province is rich,including 35 families,55 generas and 69 species.(2)The main applied plants are Ficus microcarpa,Cinnamomum camphora,Liquidambar formosana,Dimocarpus longgana,Schima superba,Altinpia gracilipes,Photinia serrulata,Distylium racemosum,Celtis sinesis,Castanea henryi and so on.(3)The plant species and numbers shows the order: mountainous type>hill type> flat type>coastal type.(4)The distribution of geomantic forests is mainly of the forms of single plant and sheet,distributed mainly at village gob,temple,housesides,tomb,mountainsides,village enclosure,watersides and others.The number and pattern of distribution are affected by the local culture.(5)The protection status of the geomantic forests is good,80.38% of the geomantic forests are not damaged,only 19.62% of the geomantic forests are damaged or begin degenerating,and 10.13% of the geomantic forests are seriously damaged or exploited.(6)The main arbors of the geomantic forests are of large diameter of more than 60 cm,the average height of most arbors are more than 10 m.(7)The plant health status is fine,and the proportions of healthy plants,fairly healthy plants and unhealthy plants are 23.13%,72.89% and 3.98%,respectively.