宁夏土壤侵蚀现状及其特征

采用美国第二代陆地资源卫星TM假彩色合成放大影像目视解译并结合野外调查 ,将宁夏土壤侵蚀划分为水力侵蚀和风力侵蚀两种类型 ,水力侵蚀面积 2 2 897 1km2 ,风力侵蚀面积 15 976 0km2 ,两者占全区总面积的 75 0 %。区内南部以水力侵蚀为主 ,到北部转为水风力混合侵蚀。水力侵蚀主要发生在 7～ 9三个月 ,风力侵蚀主要发生在冬春两季。无论是年内还是年际间 ,土壤的风力侵蚀时间过程和水力侵蚀时间过程均体现出一种互补机制

Current Situation of Soil Erosion in Ningxia and the Charateristics

Soil erosion in Ningxia is divided into two types, water erosion and wind erosion, through combination of field investigation and visual interpretation of enlarged false color TM synthetic images of second patch of U.S. land resources satellite, the result shows that there are water erosion area of 22 897 km 2, wind erosion area of 15 976 km 2, and total erosion area makes up 75% of whole provincial area. The southern part of the province is dominated by water erosion, while the northern part is mixed erosion of water and wind types. Water erosion takes place mainly in July to September, and wind erosion normally happens in winter and spring. The time process of soil erosion by both water and wind appears a compensation mechanism no matter in a year or during years.