广东省橡胶林林下物种组成及灌草物种多样性

【目的】分析广东省橡胶林林下物种组成及灌草物种多样性,为建设环境友好型生态胶园提供参考依据。【方法】在广东省橡胶林林区设立30个400 m~2样方进行调查,运用物种丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Simpson指数等方法,分析橡胶林林下植物的物种组成及灌草的物种多样性。【结果】广东省橡胶林林下维管束植物共65科157属211种,其中最常见的植物为阔叶丰花草(Borreria latifolia)、弓果黍(Cyrtococcum patens)、铁芒萁(Dicranopteris linearis)和热带鳞盖蕨(Microlepia speluncae)等。广东省橡胶林林下灌草物种多样性随坡度的增加总体上呈先增加后减小的变化趋势,其中在15°≤坡度25°最丰富,在平地最差;随林龄和郁闭度的增加总体上呈增加趋势,但差异不显著(P0.05,下同);橡胶林林下灌草物种多样性在北坡表现最丰富,但与其他坡向的差异不显著。【结论】广东省橡胶林林下灌草的物种多样性虽较丰富,但对橡胶林的管理应在不影响正常生产的前提下尽可能地避免人为干扰,才能更好地恢复林下植物多样性和建设环境友好型生态胶园。

Understory species composition and shrub-grass species diversity of rubber(Hevea brasiliensis) plantations in Guangdong province

Objective]Understory species composition and shrub-grass species diversity were analyzed in rubber plan-tations of Guangdong province,in order to provide references for construction of environment-friendly ecological rubber plantations. Method]Using richness index,Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index,understory plant species composition and shrub-grass species diversity were analyzed in rubber plantations of Guangdong province after survey of 30 sample plots (400 m2). Result]There existed 211 vascular plant species belonging to 157 genera in 65 families in the rubber plantations. The most common species were Borreria latifolia,Cyrtococcum patens,Dicranopteris linearis and Microlepia speluncae. The shrub-grass species diversity of rubber plantations firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of slope in general, which was the richest on slope with 15°≤slope<25° and the worst on the flat. The diversity of rubber plantations generally increased with the increase of stand age and canopy density,but there was no significant difference (P>0.05,the same below). In addition,shrub-grass species diversity of rubber plantation in northern direction was the richest,but not significantly different from diversity of other aspects. Conclusion]The understory shrub-grass species di-versity is abundant in rubber plantations of Guangdong province. However,it is necessary to avoid some human disturbance as much as possible in the process of rubber forest management on the premise that doesn’t affect normal production,so as to better restore understory plant diversity and construct environment-friendly ecological rubber plantations.