鳗鱼骨矿物质脱除工艺的研究

目的]研究鳗鱼骨矿物质的脱除工艺。方法]以料液比、温度、盐酸浓度、换液频率、搅拌与否为因素,鳗鱼骨浸酸过程中矿物质钙的溶出速率为指标,研究各因素对鳗鱼骨矿物质脱除的影响,确定鳗鱼骨矿物质的脱除工艺。结果]鳗鱼骨胶原蛋白提取过程中用盐酸溶液脱除其中的矿物质,可提高胶原蛋白质量。料液比为1∶8(g/ml)时,鳗鱼骨浸酸过程中钙离子可充分溶出。随着盐酸浓度的增加,鳗鱼骨浸酸过程中钙离子的溶出量增加。鳗鱼骨矿物质的最佳脱除工艺为:盐酸浓度0.5 mol/L,料液比1∶8(g/ml),温度15℃,静置,每1 h换液1次,共换3次。结论]脱除矿物质后,鳗鱼骨的灰分含量由41.22%降低至0.03%,蛋白质含量由40.54%提高至81.47%。

Study on Technology of Removing Mineral from Eel Bone

Objective] The aim was to study the technology of removing mineral from eel bone.Method] With the ratio of solid to liquid,temperature,hydrochloric acid concn.,the frequency of exchanging liquid and whether stirring as factors and the dissolution rate of minerals of calcium in the pickling process of eel bone as index,the influence of each factor on removing mineral from eel bone were studied and the technology of removing mineral from eel bone was determined.Result] Using the hydrochloric acid solution to remove the mineral from eel bone in the process of extraction of collagen protein from eel bone could improve the quality of collagen protein.When the ratio of solid to liquid was 1∶8(g/ml),the calcium ion could be dissolved fully in the pickling process of eel bone.The dissolved amount of calcium ion was increased in the pickling process of eel bone with the increase of the hydrochloric acid concn.The optimum technology of removing mineral from eel bone was follows: 0.5 mol/L hydrochloric acid,the ratio of solid to liquid of 1∶8(g/ml),the temperature of 15 ℃,standing and exchanging liquid once in every 1 h,and exchange for 3 times in total.Conclusion] The ash content of eel bone was decreased from 41.22% to 0.03% and the protein content was increased from 40.54% to 81.47% after the mineral was removed from the eel bone.