西藏芒康县滇金丝猴种群现状和生态学研究

通过两次考察，证实西藏芒康县目前存在3个滇金丝猴群，即小昌都群、米拉卡群和木尼群，个体数量约为300～400只。另有一个群，即下火拉群尚待证实。其中，小昌都群是芒康的最大猴群，其数量约为160～200只。芒康滇金丝猴以地衣为主要食物，所占比例可达47％～64％，而其社会结构与云南各群一致，为多个单雄多雌群(OMU)聚合为大群。这说明生境和食性等生态学差异并未改变滇金丝猴的社会结构。日趋严重的生境破碎化和人类活动干扰对滇金丝猴的生存构成了威胁，加强芒康地区的滇金丝猴保护区的建设和管理是目前最．急迫的保护对策。

Status and Ecological Study on Rhinopithecus bieti Population in Mangkang, Tibet

The results of two investigations show that there are now about 300~400 individu als and 3 groups of Rhinopithecus bieti in Mangkang, Tibet, namely, the Xiao changdu, Milaka and Muni groups. But another group (Xiahuola) remained to be aff irmed. Among the three, the Xiaochangdu group was the largest with 160~200 indiv iduals. Populations in this area feed mainly on lichens, accounting for about 47 %~64% in the diet. The social organization of the monkeys seems to be bands of m any one-male, multi-female unit (OMU), the same as in the populations in Yunnan. It suggests that the differences in habitat and food habit do not alter the soc ial structure in Rhinopithecus bieti. The increasing habitat fragmentation a nd human disturbance are threatening the survival of the monkeys, and it is the most urgent strategy to strengthen the building and management of the nature res erve in Mangkang.