枇杷野生型与栽培型的cpDNATrnS-TrnG 及cpDNATrnQ-rps16 序列多态性的比较

 为了从野生型驯化为栽培品种的角度了解枇杷（Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.）的遗传多样性，对55个来自世界各地有代表性的栽培品种及多份野生枇杷的cpDNA^TrnS-TrnG及cpDNA^TrnQ-rps16基因位点序列的核苷酸多态性进行了比较分析。结果显示：栽培枇杷群体在这两个基因位点不存在变异，而野生枇杷群体在cpDNA^TrnS-TrnG位点出现了两个替代变异及1个插入/缺失变异，在cpDNA^TrnQ-rps16位点出现了3个替代变异及两个插入/缺失变异，表明在从野生型驯化为栽培品种的过程中发生了严重的遗传瓶颈，导致了栽培枇杷群体的遗传基础狭窄。

A Comparative Study on the Polymorphism of Loci cpDNA~(TrnS-TrnG) and cpDNA~(TrnQ-rps16) in Cultivated and Wild Loquats

In order to understand the genetic diversity of loquat（Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.） in view of domestication of wild loquat，the sequences of loci cpDNA^TrnS-TrnG and cpDNA^TrnQ-rps16 of 55 accessions cultivated and some wild loquats collected from different locations were analyzed and compared in this studies. No nucleotide polymorphism was found in cultivated population. However，one indel/insert and two substitutes appeared in the segment of cpDNA^TrnS-TrnG，and three mutants and two indel/inserts appeared in the segment of cpDNA^TrnQ-rps16 of wild populations. The results implied very low genetic diversity existed in cultivated population of loquat induced by the severe genetic bottleneck generated during the process of domestication of cultivated loquat.