海水pH变动对东白令海渔业资源丰度变动的影响

海洋酸化对海洋物种资源变动的影响是当下人们关注的热点问题。白令海有着丰富的渔业资源,海域受到海洋酸化的风险较大。为此,研究基于1982-2014年东白令海大陆架底层拖网的调查数据,结合海水pH数据,利用动态回归模型对其中鱼类、甲壳类和软体动物的资源变动进行探究。通过模型分析,发现目前鱼类、软体动物和甲壳类各有40.63%、36.8%和33.33%的种类的资源丰度变动受到海水pH变动的影响；模拟和预测分析表明,pH变动对各物种资源丰度的影响存在种类的特异性,其中对软体动物(不包含头足类)和甲壳类均易产生负的影响；物种资源丰度在pH下降时的反应不同(包含了上升、下降和先上升后下降三种)；pH的变动可通过直接的升高或降低以及改变物种适宜栖息地范围等方式对渔业资源丰度产生影响。研究发现,仅单独分析pH对物种的影响是不够的,后续还应结合食物网、物种生活史等进行系统分析。该研究表明,海洋酸化会对不同渔业种类的资源丰度产生影响,可为资源可持续开发和利用提供参考。

Effects of pH variation on the abundance of fishery resources in the East Bering Sea

The impact of Ocean acidification on the changes of marine species resources is a hot topic. Bering Sea is rich in fishery resources and the sea area is at greater risk from ocean acidification. Based on the data of bottom trawl in the East Bering Sea continental shelf from 1982 to 2014 and the data of seawater PH, the dynamic regression model was used to study the resource variation of fishes, crustaceans and mollusca. Based on the model analysis, it is found that 40.63% , 36.8% and 33.33% of the species richness of fish, mollusca and crustaceans are affected by the change of PH respectively, the effect of PH variation on species richness is species-specific, especially having negative effect on mollusca (excluding cephalopods) and crustaceans. The responses of species richness to PH decreasing were different (including up, down and up first and then down). The variation of PH can affect the abundance of fishery resources by directly increasing or decreasing and changing the suitable habitat range of species. It was found that it is not enough to analyze the effect of PH on species, and the food web and life history should be analyzed. The study shows that ocean acidification will have an impact on the abundance of different fishery resources, which can provide a reference for the sustainable development and utilization of resources.