优质蛋白玉米产量和品质性状配合力、杂种优势及相关分析

以3个优质蛋白玉米自交系（♀）和5个优质蛋白玉米自交系（♂）为试验材料，按照NCⅡ遗传交配设计组配成15个杂交组合，对其主要性状的配合力、杂种优势及其间相关进行分析。结果表明：①同一性状不同材料间，同一材料不同性状间其配合力效应表现复杂，存在不同效应大小和正负作用方向的差异，父本A粒深、容重的一般配合力均较高；母本2赖氨酸含量的一般配合力较高；组合3×C容重的特殊配合力较高。②小区产量与粒深、穗粗呈极显著正相关；赖氨酸含量与粗脂肪含量呈极显著正相关，与粗蛋白含量呈显著正相关。③赖氨酸含量、粗蛋白含量以超低亲杂种优势为主；粗淀粉含量以超中亲优势为主；粗脂肪含量以超高亲优势为主。

Analysis on Combining Ability, Heterosis and Correlation of Yield and Quality Traits in QPM

Using 3 QPM inbred lines as female parents, 5 QPM inbred lines as male parents, 15 crosses were made according to NCⅡ genetic design. Combining ability, heterosis and correlation for yield and quality traits were analyzed. The results were as follows: ①The effects of combining ability among different inbred lines with the same trait and the same inbred line with different traits was highly complicated with the different extend of positive and negative effects. GCAs of kernel depth and water conservancy unit weight for male inbred A was high; GCA of lysine content for female inbred 2 was high; SCA of water conservancy unit weight of cross 3×C was high. ②The correlation analysis indicated that plot yield was very significantly and positively correlated with kernel depth and ear diameter. Lysine content was correlated very positively and significantly with crude fat content, and correlated positively and significantly with crude protein content. ③Heterosis over low parent, mid-parent heterosis and heterosis over high parent were important for lysine content and crude protein content, crude starch content and crude fat content, respectively.