优质棉‘沧198’多茎株型栽培技术研究

为确定优质棉‘沧198’的高产简化配套技术，进一步明确多茎栽培对不同肥力、不同气候年型的适应性，2007-2009年，采用随机区组设计方法，以常规株型为对照，连续3年研究‘沧198’多茎株型的增产效果；分析纤维品质、成铃空间分布特点及劳动效率和经济效益。结果表明：‘沧198’多茎株型在干旱或阴雨不同气候年型，均表现出显著增产效果，增产幅度12.5%~22.1%；多茎株型成铃质量空间分布，下部1~4果枝结铃单铃重平均4.47 g，略低于常规株型4.70 g；上部13~14果枝成铃质量显著优于常规株型，单铃重提高14.5%，子指增加7.5%，衣分高6.6%；叶枝结铃平均单铃重为5.2 g，不仅高于主茎1~4果枝的结铃单铃重（4.47 g），也高于常规株型1~4果枝结铃的单铃重（4.70 g），纤维品质与常规株型无明显差异。多茎株型与常规株型相比，节省整枝用工62.5%，劳动用工投资减少18.0%，劳动效率提高1.37倍，经济效益提高39.6%。‘沧198’多茎株型主茎和叶枝协调发育，叶枝早摘心，解决叶枝铃小、吐絮晚、质量差的技术难题，不同气候年型、不同肥力条件均表现显著的增产效果，实现了高产优质、简化、高效目标。

Study on Culture Technique of More-stalk Cotton ‘Cang198’

To determine the high quality cotton ‘ Cang198 ＇ simplified supporting technology to further clarify the multi-stem cultivation of different soil fertility,adaptability to different climatic year types,2007-2009,using randomized block design,with conventional plant type as a control,3 consecutive years of ‘ Cang198 ＇ effect of increasing yield more stems;analysis of fiber quality,boll characteristics and spatial distribution of labor efficiency and economic benefits.The results showed that：‘ Cang198 ＇ more stems in different types had shown a significant increase yield,yield increased 12.5% to 22.1%,the lower fruiting branches 1 to 4 boll weight average 4.47 g,slightly lower than the conventional plant type 4.70 g;the upper 13 to 14 fruiting branch boll quality was significantly better than conventional plant type,boll weight by 14.5%,7.5% increase in seed index,lint percentage high of 6.6%.The urophylla average boll weight 5.2 g,fiber quality and no significant difference between conventional plant type.More stems,compared with the conventional plant type,save pruning labor 62.5%,18.0% decreased in investment in labor and employment,labor efficiency 1.37 times,economic efficiency 39.6%.‘Cang198 ＇ plant types stems and leafy shoots co-ordination and development of main stem,leafy shoots early topping address leafy shoots a small bell,boll opening night,poor quality of technical problems,different climatic year types,different soil fertility conditions showed a significant increase yield and achieve the high yield and quality,simplicity,efficiency goals.