浙北山区典型小流域农村面源污染现状调查与治理对策

山区小流域与平原河网小流域在地形地貌上具有显著不同的特点，它们在面源污染的发生规律上必然也不尽相同。笔者以西山村为例，就太湖地区浙北山区小流域农村面源污染物氮、磷排放规律进行调查，提出治理相关对策。调查结果表明：西山村总氮、总磷污染排放总量分别高达3604.99 t/a和609.17 t/a。该流域的4大污染源对TN的贡献率依次为：雷竹林-茶园种植业（47.59%）>养殖业（24.41%）>生活污水（19.94%）>水稻种植业（8.06%）；对TP的贡献率分别为：雷竹林-茶园种植业（49.59%）>养殖业（24.13%）>水稻种植业（20.90%）>生活污水（5.38%）。该流域面源污染控制重心应放在雷竹林-茶园种植业和养殖业污染上，特别是雷竹林-茶园种植业这类高效益种植业上。笔者认为，进行河道修复，结合人工湿地净化，并充分利用当地稻田种植区以及生态沟渠对氮、磷污染物进行消纳，将其进行技术整合在山区小流域具有良好的运用前景。

A Survey about Rural Non-point Pollution in Mountain Region of Northern Zhejiang Province and the Countermeasures

There are so many distinct features of rural area watershed in mountain region and plain region, so the discipline of the non-point pollution must be different. The author studied the discipline of N and P discharge in rural area in mountain region of northern Zhejiang Province in Taihu Lake basin and suggested some measures to treat the pollution. The results showed that the N and P source which resulted the river to be eutrophic concluded the domestic sewage, the poultry raising sewage, the runoff/drainag...