海绵田土壤结构特性与土壤肥力关系的研究

为了综合研究高产稳产田的肥力性状,自1971年以来,我们在山西省大寨大队及其邻近地区于玉米、小麦主要生育期内,测定了海绵田、非海绵田以及加快熟化新修地的土壤有机质、全量氮、磷、钾;并对微生物的季节性变化作了三年的测定;分别测定了雨季和旱季土壤水分和温度的变化;同时还利用薄片研究了土壤结构与土壤肥力的关系.

STUDIES ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL STRUCTURE AND SOIL FERTILITY OF SPONGY FIELD

Soil structure is one of the important factors of soil fertility.This paper deals with the effect of the application of organic fertilizer,deep ploughing and the utilization of soil transported from other place on the formations of soil structure.These measures not only increased waterstable granular aggregates,but also incteased the microaggregates and temporary aggregates.The solum structure of soil layer of 0-50 cm was changed due to the variation of soil structure properties,three layers of different structure were formed.Therefore the changes in soil structure induced the change of the regime of water and air in soil,the total pores approximated to 60% of which big pores were about 15%,soil aeration were improved significantly below the soil layer of 20 cm,the soil waterholding capacity was increased in 3-5%.The improvement of soil structure may play an important part in providing a better soil nutrient condition and stimulating the activity of soil microbes of the subsoil.