改良蜂箱技术及其在防治草莓灰霉病上的应用

为了防止草莓病害发生,增加种植者的经济收入,提高土地的综合利用效益,并在控制病害的同时保护生态,利用蜜蜂授粉的原理,对蜂箱进行改造,在箱体巢门位置增加布满枯草芽孢杆菌的改良垫片,以达到通过蜜蜂传播枯草芽孢杆菌来抑制灰霉菌传播和侵染草莓的目的。通过比较使用改良蜂箱技术,草莓始花期灰霉病发病率比普通蜂箱降低25%,成熟后果实发病率降低31%;草莓僵果较少,果实个大饱满,比普通蜂箱草莓平均糖度增加了18%,维生素C含量增加了36%;比普通蜂箱草莓增产21%;节省人工费用、化学农药费用,同时减少用药次数,对生态环境友好;可见,在生产中适合推广示范该蜂箱改良技术。

Improved Beehive Technology and Its Application in the Control of Strawberry Gray Mold

Abstract: In order to prevent strawberry disease, increase the economic income of the growers, improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of the land and protect the ecology while controlling the disease, the beehive was reformed with adding improved gasket full of Bacillus subtilis at the nest door of the box on basis of the principle of bee pollination. Bacillus subtilis was transmitted by bees, so the goal of inhibiting the spread of Botrytis cinerea and infecting strawberry was contained. By using the improved beehive technology, strawberry gray mold incidence rate at the beginning of flowering decreased by 25% and the incidence of fruit after ripening reduced by 31% compared with the ordinary beehive. The rigid strawberry fruit with improved beehive technology was less and the fruit was bigger and full. The average sugar content of strawberry increased by 18%, vitamin C content increased by 36% and the yield increased by 21% compared with that of the ordinary beehive. It could save the cost of labor and chemical pesticide, reduce the times of drug use and be friendly to the ecological environment. It could be seen that the improved technology of beehive was suitable for popularization and demonstration in production.