大型油轮接卸作业风险及其控制措施

以册子岛30×104吨级原油码头及航道为例,通过分析原油码头水域深度、水文、气象等自然因素和大型油轮靠泊、离泊以及接卸作业等情况下的主要风险因素,提出了原油码头接卸作业安全预防措施。总结了大型原油码头在油轮接卸作业管理方面存在的主要问题,提出了监控中心、引航员、码头操作员等应采取的风险控制措施以及卸油前后船方、码头和码头操作员应执行的全方位安全管理工作。研究认为,制定可行的风险控制对策可有效降低大型油轮的作业风险,遏制重大航行和污染事故,保障原油码头接卸作业及港口航运安全。

Risk and control measures of oil loading and oil unloading work for large-scale oil tanker

Taking the 300000-tonner oil tanker wharf in Cezidao and shipping lanes as an example,safety measures of oil loading and unloading are presented by means of analyzing the natural factors in water depth,hydrology and weather around the wharf,as well as the main risk factors in the berthing/unberthing and loading/unloading for the large-scale tanker.The major problems existed in the loading/unloading management for the large-scale oil tanker are summarized.It is pointed out that the monitoring center,pilots and operators should take risk control measures and overall safety management should be launched over the ship around oil unloading,the wharf and operators.It isconsidered that the risk control countermeasures presented in a research can effectively lower the oil loading/unloading risk for the large-scale tanker,keep down heavy accidents in shipping and environment to assure the safety in oil loading/unloading operation for the wharf and port.