利用生态指标划分小麦生态类型的研究

本文采用Q型系统聚类与主成分分析相结合的方法，分析了来自全国主产麦区的31个代表性品种在杨陵分期播种下的生态表现。结果表明：从强春性到强冬性所划分的6个生态类群中，小麦主茎平均叶龄、主茎最高叶龄、出苗至拔节的积温及冻害等级4个指标反映了不同生态类型品种性状的稳定性。其贡献率分别达92.79%、86.02%、81.85%和81.64%；而出苗至开花的天数与抽穗率两个指标反映了不同生态类型间的可变性，其贡献率仅为35.87%和22.14%。

STUDY ON THE ECOPHENOTYPES OF WHEAT CULTIVARS DIVIDED BY THEIR ECO-CHARACTERS

The eco-characters of thirty-one wheat cultivars from main wheat producing aress China were studied in Yangling, Shaanxi, using the method of combining Q-modelsystemic assembling classification with main-element analysis. The results showed thatthe average and maximum leaf age on the main stem, the accumulated temperaturesfrom emergence to jointing and frostbite grades in the six ecophenotypes from strongspringness to strong winterness reflected the stability between ecophenotypes. Their contributions are 92.79, 86.02, 81.85, and 81.64%. However, the days from emergence toflowering and heading rate revealed the changeability in these ecophenotypes, withtheir contribution only 35.87 and 22.14% respectively.