施肥方法对改善肥料氮素运移及肥效的影响

通过改进宁南黄土丘陵区旱作农田施肥的三种方法与现行两种施肥方法的对比试验研究，结果表明.改进后的施肥方法不仅能减少农田春麦系统中氮素NH3挥发，土壤残留，和不明途径损失，而且能显着提高氮肥利用率，从而使“三高一低”的氮素运移特征得到明显改善，同时还能提高肥料的增产作用.在三种改进的施肥方法中以1/4基肥+1/2深追+1/4叶喷的方法，效果更好.

The Effect of Fertilizer Apply Methods on Improving Nitrogen Transport and Increasing Crop Yield

With the results of contrast experiments between improved fertilizer apply methods and the current methods in dryland of south Ningxia loess hilly region,the author consider that improved methods not only decrease the NHa volatilization,remainder in soil,and the loss ofnonconclusive way of fertilizer nitrogen,but also increase the nitrogen utilization rate,and improve the nitrogen transport character of "3 Higher and 1 Lower" in farmland-spring wheat system,and raise the spring wheat yield.The fertilizer apply method of 1/4 basic application+1/4 subsoil application+1/4 leaf application is the best method in the three improved methods.