黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错带小流域治理模式探讨

黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错带为强烈侵蚀地区，也是黄河下游河床粗泥沙主要来源区。该地区生态环境脆弱，治理难度大；另一方面，区域内蕴藏有丰富的煤炭资源，到21世纪将建成世界级煤田。鉴于治黄和煤田开发的紧迫需要，本区迎来了以水土保持为中心环境整治的新机遇。根据工矿交通社会经济发展的新形势，以神木县六道沟小流域为试区，探讨了工矿业与农业相结合，生态效益与经济效益同步发展，农林牧生产走向商品化，走向市场的综合治理模式和系统工程。

Discussion on Comprehensive Control of Small Watershed in Water and Wind Crisscrossed Erosion Region on The Loess Plateau

The water and wind crisscrossed erosion region on the Loess Plateau is a serious soil erosion area and the origin area of the silt sediment in the lower reach of Yellow River.The environment in this region frangible,and it is very difficult to control.On the other hand,there is a large amount of coal resource in this region,would be the world level coalfield in the coming century. The urgent requirement of the Yellow River control and the coal resource exploration brings a new chance for the environmental control based on the soil and water conservation.According to the scenarios of industry,mining,transportation and social economic development,the present paper,taking the Liudaogou small watershed in Shenmu County as an example,discussed the comprehensive control model of the combination of industry,mining and agriculture;the simultaneous development of ecological and economic efficiency;and the markeded agri-forestry and husbandry production.