影响小鼠早期胚胎发育的几个重要因素

以Ｗｈｉｔｅｎ氏液为基本培养液，研究了卵丘细胞、谷氨酰胺及不同浓度的葡萄糖对ＨＣＧ注射后１７～１８ｈ、２５～２７ｈ和３６～３８ｈ昆明小鼠胚胎体外发育的影响。结果表明，不论葡萄糖或谷氨酰胺存在与否，卵丘细胞与受精卵的共同培养对胚胎克服体外发育阻断无明显效果。葡萄糖能抑制１－细胞胚胎发育，促进４－细胞以后的胚胎发育。谷氨酰胺是小鼠早期胚胎发育的良好能源物质，可使９６％（３０８／３２１）的体外发育到２－细胞的胚胎克服阻断而继续发育到４－细胞。谷氨酰胺与葡萄糖联合使用，则可使小鼠受精卵的囊胚发育率达５７．５％（２２９／３９８）。ＨＣＧ注射后３６～３８ｈ的小鼠胚胎能利用葡萄糖。

Factors Affecting the Development of Mouse Early Embryos

Whitten's medium was used as a base medium to study the function of cumulus cells, glucose and glutamine in the culture of mouse 1 cell embryos collected at 17 18 h, 25 27 h and 36 38 h after the HCG injection. The results showed that the cumulus cells had no significant effect on the development of mouse zygotes whether glucose or glutamine was present. Glucose (1.0 mmol/L 5.0 mmol/L) could inhibit the development of 1 cell embryos, but promote that of 4 cell embryos. When the glutamine and glucose combined, the rates of blastocysts from 1 cell embryos collected at 17 18 h, 25 27 h and 36 38 h after the HCG injection being 37.1%, 60.0%, 69.7%, respectively.