典型喀斯特峰丛洼地生态系统生态服务功能价值评估——以贵州平塘县为例

以平塘县土地利用数据为基础,参考谢高地等制定的中国不同省份农田生态系统生物量因子表和中国陆地生态系统单位面积生态服务价值当量因子,制定了平塘县生态系统单位面积生态服务价值系数,并计算平塘县2000、2005、2013年生态系统服务价值及生态敏感性指数。结果表明:研究时段平塘县生态服务总价值呈上升变化趋势,2000、2005、2013年生态服务总价值分别为560 688.39万、580 534.47万、593 036.20万元;从单项生态服务价值来看,2005~2013年平塘县生态系统在气体调节、气候调节、水源涵养、土壤形成与保护、废物处理、生物多样性保护、食物生产、娱乐文化等领域的价值呈上升变化趋势,但其食物生产价值呈下降变化趋势;2000、2005、2013年平塘县ESV对VC敏感性指数均小于1,敏感性指数值介于0.003~0.517之间,说明ESV对VC不敏感,缺乏弹性,即结合平塘县区域特征修正后的生态服务价值系统是合理的,研究结果是可信的。

Evaluation of Ecosystem Service Value of Typical Karst Peak Cluster Depression Ecosystem with Pingtang County in Guizhou Province as an Example

Based on Pingtang County land use data, the biomass factor table of farmland ecosystem in different provinces of China and the per-unit-area ecological service value (ESV) table of terrestrial ecosystem in China, this study has made the ecological service value coefficient (VC) per unit area in Pingtang County, and calculated the ecosystem services value and the ecological sensitivity index of Pingtang County in 2000, 2005 and 2013. The results show that the total value of ecosystem services in Pingtang County during the study period increased, the total values of ecological services in 2000, 2005 and 2013 were 5606883900 yuan, 5805344700 yuan and 5930362000 yuan, respectively. The ecosystem service value of gas regulation, climate regulation, water conservation, soil formation and conservation, waste management, biodiversity conservation, food production, and entertainment culture had an upward trend in change, but the food production value showed a downward trend from 2000 to 2013. The sensitivity index of ESV to VC was less than 1 in Pingtang County in 2000, 2005 and 2013, and the sensitivity index value was 0.003?0.517, meaning that the ESV was not sensitive to the VC, and combined with the regional characteristics of Pingtang County the revised ecological service value system is reasonable, the results are credible.