超黑糯玉米籽粒发育过程中色素积累的动态变化

为探明超黑糯玉米籽粒发育过程中黑色素的积累规律,以超黑糯玉米自交系I46和白糯玉米自交系BN13杂交F2群体中性状为黑糯(黑糯27)和白糯(白糯66)为材料,通过显微观察、类胡萝卜素含量以及花色甙含量的测定,研究超黑糯玉米籽粒发育过程中黑色素的积累及类胡萝卜素和花色苷的变化规律。结果表明:超黑糯玉米籽粒黑色素主要分布于果种皮中,而糊粉层没有黑色素分布,随着籽粒的发育,黑色素从籽粒远胚端开始沉积直至分布到整个籽粒;在黑糯27玉米籽粒发育过程中,类胡萝卜素的含量随着发育时间的推进呈总体下降的趋势,花色苷含量则随着籽粒发育的推进先上升,直到30 d时达到最大值,随后出现下降趋势;在白糯66籽粒发育过程中,籽粒没有黑色素的沉积,类胡萝卜素含量呈先上升后下降趋势,在整个籽粒发育过程中没有检测到花色苷的含量。

Regularity of pigment accumulation in the grain development progress of super black waxy corn

In this study, Heinuo 27 and Bainuo 66 from F2 generation of super black waxy corn inbred lines I46 crossed white waxy corn inbred lines BN13 were selected to study the distribution and accumulation regularity of maize pigment in grains by microscopic observation, solvent extraction method and spectrophotometry. The results showed that the pigment of super black waxy corn existed in seed coat, which appeared from the top of kernels and then spread to the whole grain. With the development of grains of Heinuo 27, the content of carotenoid decreased gradually, however, the content of anthocyanin increased until it reached the maximum value on the 30th day after pollination and then decreased. With the development of grains of Bainuo 66, there was no melanin in the grains and the contents of carotenoid increased first and then dropped, however, the anthocyanin was not detected in the whole grain development process.