等位基因特异性表达形成机制及其应用的研究进展

基因作为遗传信息的介质,决定了生物的性状表现。基因序列变异的发生是生物体适应环境变化的必然趋势。在二倍体生物中等位基因是一对控制着相对性状的基因,因此,等位基因特异性表达效应根据细胞类型和发育阶段的不同而变化,表现出不同个体之间的差异。等位基因差异表达对基因的表达起到重要的调控作用,并最终可能与生物的表型多态性联系起来。等位基因特异性表达分析已经在动物研究中得到广泛应用,有助于提高鉴定调控遗传变异的能力。对等位基因特异性表达的形成机制及其应用研究进展进行了综述,以期为进一步揭示等位基因特异性表达的遗传学机制,以及加快其在动物生产中的应用提供理论依据。

Research Progress on Formation Mechanism of Allele Specific Expression and Its Application

Genes, as mediators of genetic information, determine the performance of the creature′s traits. The occurrence of genetic sequence variation is an inevitable trend of organisms to adapt to the environmental changes. The allele in the diploid organism is a pair of genes that controls relative traits. Therefore, the effect of allele specific expression varies depending on the cell type and its developmental stage, showing differences between different individuals. Differential expression of alleles plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression and may ultimately be linked to phenotypic polymorphisms in organisms. Allele specific expression analysis has been widely used in animal studies to help improve the ability to identify and regulate genetic variation. The research progress on the formation mechanism of allele specific expression and its application is reviewed, in hoping to provide a theoretical basis for further revealing the genetic mechanism of allele specific expression and accelerating its application in animal production.