季节对杜泊羊体内胚胎生产与移植效果的影响

为了研究季节对杜泊羊体内胚胎生产效率及胚胎移植妊娠率的影响,于2016年选取内蒙古赛诺草原羊业有限公司种羊场经产纯种杜泊母羊作为供体,采用同期发情、超数排卵及腹腔镜人工输精等方法对供体羊进行处理后,利用手术冲胚的方法获得纯种杜泊羊胚胎,同时对受体羊进行同期发情处理和胚胎移植。经统计分析,2016年全年该公司共有放栓供体4 241只,超排处理4 180只,配种供体4 131只,冲胚供体3 987只,供体可用率为94.01%;冲出胚胎总数为23 516枚,可用胚胎18 002枚,胚胎可利用率为76.55%,平均每只供体能获得可用胚胎4.52枚。供体在10月、11月、12月冲胚所获得的平均冲胚数和平均可用胚数明显高于4月、5月、6月(P<0.05),其中10月的平均冲胚数和平均可用胚数最高(P<0.01),分别为7.04枚和5.62枚。将获得的部分胚胎用于胚胎移植,移植单胚怀孕受体数为4 446只,妊娠率为53.67%;移植双胚怀孕受体数805只,妊娠率65.02%。此外,受体在1月、3月、6月、12月受胎率较其他月份高(P<0.05)。该研究可为杜泊种羊超数排卵、胚胎移植和肉羊的产业化生产提供一定的数据参考。

Influence of Seasonal Factors on In Vivo Embryo Production and Embryo Transfer Efficacy

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of seasonal factors on in vivo embryo production and pregnancy rate after embryo transfer in Dorper sheep.In 2011,multiparous pure Dorper ewes from a breeding sheep farm were selected as donors and were treated with synchronized estrus,superovulation and laparoscopic artificial insemination.The embryos of pure Dorper ewes were obtained by surgical operation.Meanwhile,the receptor ewes were subjected to synchronized estrus and embryo transfer.Statistical analysis results showed that a total of 4 241 donors were subjected to the treatment of synchronized estrus in 2016 and 4 180 of them were received superovulation treatment;there were 4 131 and 3 987 ewes used as mating and embryo flushing donors,respectively,with a donor availability rate of 94.01%.A total of 23 516 flushed embryos were obtained,among them 18 002 ones were available,indicating that the embryo availability rate was 76.55%.The average number of available embryos produced by per donor was 4.52.The average number of flushed embryos and available embryos obtained from donors in October,November and December were significantly higher than those in April,May and June(P<0.05),and the highest average number of flushed embryos and available embryos was observed in October(P<0.01)which were 7.04 and 5.62,respectively.Some of the obtained embryos were used for embryo transfer.It was found that the number of single embryo pregnant recipients was 4 446,with the pregnancy rate of 53.76%;the number of double embryo pregnant recipients was 805,with the pregnancy rate of 65.02%.In addition,the conception rate of receptors was found higher in January,March,June and December(P<0.05)than the other months.This study provides a theoretical basis for superovulation and embryo transfer of Dorper breeding sheep and industrial production of mutton sheep.