黑龙江省粮食生产效率及玉米生产主体效率实证分析

以黑龙江省干旱半干旱区、半湿润区、湿润区具有代表性的13个市县为研究区域,利用2010～2019年黑龙江省农业生产面板数据及2019年实地调研数据,选择DEA方法的投入导向BCC模型,测算黑龙江省近10年农业生产效率及农业生产主体效率。结果表明,黑龙江省半湿润区粮食生产综合效率最高、干旱半干旱区最差。2010～2019年黑龙江粮食生产整体实现了1%的全要素生产率平均增长,玉米生产者综合效率以规模66.7～667 hm²最高;组织形式以合作社为种植主体的综合效率均值最高,其次为农户。

Experimental Study on Grain Production Efficiency and Maize Production Organization Efficiency in Heilongjiang Province

Using 13 representative counties in Semi-arid, Semi-humid and Humid regions of Heilongjiang province as the research area, based on the agricultural production panel data in 2010-2019 and field research data in 2019, by DEA evaluation method, the grain production efficiency and maize production organization efficiency in Heilongjiang province were analyzed. The results showed that, the overall efficiency of grain production was the highest in the semi-humid zone and the worst in the arid and semi-arid zone of Heilongjiang province. Heilongjiang grain production achieved an average total factor productivity growth of 1% from 2010 to 2019. Maize production organizational efficiency was the highest overall efficiency at a scale of 66.7 ha to 667 ha, and the highest overall efficiency was planted by cooperatives, followed by farmers.