Abiotic and biotic drivers of struvite solubilization in contrasting soils |
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Authors: | Antonio RUIZ-NAVARRO Manuel DELGADO-BAQUERIZO Concha CANO-DAZ Carlos GARCA and Felipe BASTIDA |
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Institution: | 1 Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CEBAS-CSIC), Department of Soil and Water Conservation, Espinardo, Murcia E-30100(Spain)
2 ICL Specialty Fertilizers Iberia, Totana, Murcia E-30850(Spain)
3 Laboratorio de Biodiversidad y Funcionamiento Ecosistemico, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla(IRNAS), CSIC, Av. Reina Mercedes 10, Sevilla E-41012(Spain)
4 IRNAS-CSIC, Unidad Asociada Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Universidad Pablo de Olavide(UPO), Sevilla 41013(Spain)
5 Centre for Research and Development in Agrifood Systems and Sustainability(CISAS), Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo(IPVC), Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial Nun''Álvares 34, Viana do Castelo 4900-347(Portugal) |
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Abstract: | Phosphorus (P) limitation in the coming decades calls for the utilization of alternative fertilizers in agriculture. Struvite is a promising P source, but its potential role as a fertilizer is dependent on different physical, chemical, and biological properties, which are very heterogeneous in soil, complicating the prediction of the best soil conditions for its application. Here, we evaluated the solubility of struvite in soil, its redistribution into P fractions, and its potential abiotic and biotic drivers in 62 globally distributed soils with contrasting properties through an incubation assay. We found that after 40 d, about 35% of struvite P was redistributed into soil fractions more accessible to plants and microbes. Phosphorus redistribution from struvite was driven by a complex suite of soil physical, chemical, and microbial properties as well as environmental factors that varied across soils. Soil texture played a critical role in determining the redistribution of P in struvite-amended soils in soluble (H2O extraction), labile (NaHCO3 extraction), and moderately labile (NaOH extraction) fractions. In addition, the soil solution cation concentration was one of the most important drivers of available struvite-derived P fractions. The great importance of texture and cations in determining struvite-derived P fractions in soil was contrasted with the relatively minor role of pH. At the microbial level, the number of bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) from the unfertilized soils that correlated with struvite-derived P fractions was higher than that of fungi. The number of OTUs that correlated with the struvite-derived soluble P fraction was dominated by fungi, whereas the number of OTUs that correlated with the struvite-derived labile P fraction was dominated by bacteria. Overall, this study provided a predictive framework for the potential use of struvite as a P fertilizer in contrasting soils. |
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Keywords: | bacteria fungi environmental factor operational taxonomic unit phosphorus fertilizer phosphorus fraction phosphorus solubilization soil fertility soil property |
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