The new nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole succinic (DMPSA) as an alternative to DMPP for reducing N2O emissions from wheat crops under humid Mediterranean conditions |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia;2. Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (Queensland), Gatton Research Station, QLD 4343, Australia;3. NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, Wollongbar, NSW 2480, Australia;1. China National Rice Research Institution, Hangzhou 310006, China;2. Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China;1. Mabegondo Agricultural Research Centre (CIAM-INGACAL), Xunta de Galicia, Carretera AC-542 de Betanzos a Mesón do Vento, km 7, 15318 Abegondo, A Coruña, Spain;2. Departament of Sustainable Soil and Grassland Systems, Rothamsted Research, North Wyke, Okehampton, Devon, EX20 2SB, UK;1. ETSI Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas (ETSIAAB), Technical University of Madrid (UPM), Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain;2. Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária de Jaboticabal, Universidade Estadual Paulista—UNESP, Jaboticabal-SP, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Nowadays agricultural practices are based in the use of N fertilizers which can lead to environmental N losses. These losses can occur as nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions as result of the microbial processes of nitrification and denitrification. N2O together with carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) are the strongest greenhouse gases (GHG) associated with agricultural soils. Nitrification inhibitors (NI) have been developed with the aim of decreasing fertilizer-induced N losses and increasing N efficiency. One of the most popular NI is the 3,4-dimethylpyrazol phosphate (DMPP) which have proven to be an advisable strategy to mitigate GHG emissions while maintaining crops yield. A new NI, 3,4-dimethylpyrazole succinic (DMPSA), has been developed. The objective of this study was to compare the impact of the new nitrification inhibitor DMPSA on greenhouse gases emissions, wheat yield and grain protein with respect to DMPP. For this purpose a field-experiment was carried out for two years. Fertilizer dose, with and without NIs, was 180 kg N ha?1 applied as ammonium sulphate (AS) split in two applications of 60 kg N ha?1 and 120 kg N ha?1, respectively. A single application of 180 kg N ha?1 of AS with NIs was also made. An unfertilized treatment was also included. The new nitrification inhibitor DMPSA reduces N2O emissions up to levels of the unfertilized control treatment maintaining the yield and its components. The DMPSA shows the same behavior as DMPP in relation to N2O fluxes, as well as wheat yield and quality. In spite of applying a double dose of N at stem elongation than at tillering, N2O losses from that period are lower than at tillering as a consequence of the influence of soil water content and temperature reducing the N2O/N2 ratio by denitrification. NI efficiency in reducing N2O losses is determined by the magnitude of the losses from the AS treatment. |
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| Keywords: | Ammonium sulphate Denitrification Greenhouse gases Stem-elongation Tillering WFPS |
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