A comparison of cardinal temperatures estimated by linear and nonlinear models for germination and bulb growth of forage brassicas |
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| Institution: | 1. Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Reactive Chemistry on Solid Surfaces, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, PR China;2. State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China;1. Comisión eNacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia Química, Av. Gral Paz 1499, B1650KNA-San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina;2. Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental (3iA), Universidad de San Martín, Campus Miguelete, Martín de Irigoyen 3100, 1650-San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina;3. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Mecánica, Av. General Paz 5445, B1650KNA-San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina;4. Área de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina;5. Instituto de Química de San Luis (INQUISAL–CONICET), Chacabuco y Pedernera, 5700 San Luis, Argentina;6. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;7. World Premier International (WPI) Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan;8. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Av. Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ-Buenos Aires, Argentina;1. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, Jiangsu, China;2. National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation & Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, Jiangsu, China;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, 18 Alliance Lane, Victoria 3800, Australia;4. School of Chemistry, 17 Rainforest Walk, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Forage brassicas are widely used as a supplementary feed in temperate pasture systems but there is a lack of quantitative data about their growth and development. Furthermore, numerous models are available to estimate cardinal temperatures but there is uncertainty about whether linear or nonlinear models should be used. Initially a germination experiment was used to describe the rate response of nine forage brassicas to temperature. Three models were compared to estimate cardinal temperatures and the two best models were used for thermal time (Tt) accumulation for three groups of forage brassicas. Cardinal temperatures, defined as the base (Tb), optimum (Topt) and maximum (Tm), differed among groups of species for the bilinear and Lactin models but were similar within a group of species for these models. In most cases, cardinal temperatures estimated by the bilinear and Lactin models for the B. rapa group ranged from 3 to 4 °C for Tb, 31 °C for Topt and 41 to 48 °C for Tm. For the B. napus and B. napus biennis groups these temperatures ranged from 0 to 3 °C for Tb, 29 to 33 °C for Topt and 38 °C for Tm. The B. oleracea group had temperatures from 0 to 1 °C for Tb, 25 to 27 °C for Topt and 35 °C for Tm. A second data set based on hypocotyl thickening was used to estimate the base temperature (Tb) for bulb growth of turnips and swedes. Both models estimated an average Tb of 4.2 °C for bulb turnips and an average of 3.7 °C for swedes. The Lactin model was considered the most adequate model to describe temperature responses where as, in some cases, the bilinear model had to be modified to account for changes in the rate of development. More importantly, an appropriate range of test temperatures was crucial for the estimation of reliable cardinal temperatures, independent of the model used. |
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| Keywords: | Cardinal temperature Lactin Bilinear Line plus exponential |
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