拱顶油罐罐顶爆裂的原因分析及预防措施

由于拱顶油罐的罐顶与罐壁设计为弱连接，在蒸汽吹扫作业中，易发生罐顶爆裂事故，分别从拱顶油罐的设计规定和受力状况两方面进行了分析，分析结果表明，预防拱顶油罐罐顶爆裂的关键是确定吹扫作业时间，提出采取严格控制扫线作业时间和扫线蒸汽流量，增大油气空间的体积和增加罐顶通气孔数量和面积等措施，可有效地预防该类事故的发生。

Cause Analysis on Cracking of Tank Top for Dome Rood Tank and Countermeasures

The tank top to tank shell of dome roof tank is a thin-connection structure and is easy to crack during vapor purging. The analysis on the design regulation of dome roof tank and its stress conditions is made. The results show that the vapor purging operation time is a key to prevent the tank top from cracking. The measures to control the vapor purging time and flow rate of vapour, enlarge the oil-gas space and increase the number of air hole as well as venting area are given,which can effectively prevent the tank top from cracking.