常见叶菜测土配方施肥计算方法的研究

以菜心和生菜为试材,采用多点采土盆栽试验,建立氮、磷、钾与菜心和生菜产量的回归方程,求解方程最高产量与营养素需要量理论配方,再进行小区的正交和"3414"试验验证和修正,得到营养素需要量推荐配方,并按推荐配方进行大田试验。结果表明:回归方程具有很好的相关性和有效性,菜心和生菜推荐的N、P、K营养素需要量推荐配方分别为:360.0、95.0、465.0kg/hm~2和360.02、82.5、480.0 kg/hm~2;常见叶菜测土配方施肥的计算公式是,施肥量(kg/hm~2)=营养素推荐需要量(kg/hm~2)—土壤有效养分实测值(mg/kg)×2.25。

Study on Formula Fertilization by Soil Testing of Common Leafy Vegetables

In order to find convenient,efficient method of formula fertilization by soil testing on leafy vegetables,multipoint soil mining pot experiment was conducted to flowering Chinese cabbage and lettuce.The regression equation of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and yield of flowering Chinese cabbage and lettuce was established for the best theory formula.In succession,the formulas were verified and revised by plot orthogonal and"3414"verifying experiment to acquire recommended formulas.Finally the recommended formulas were verified by field experiment.The results showed that the regression equation had a very good relevance and effectiveness.The recommended formula of flowering Chinese cabbage and lettuce nutrient requirement was:N,P,K elements,360.0、95.0、465.0 kg/hm~2,and 360.0、82.5、480.0 kg/hm~2,respectively.Formula fertilization by soil testing of common leafy vegetables was:fertilizing amount(kg/hm~2) was equal to the recommended nutrient requirement(kg/hm~2)minus 2.25 fold of the amount of planting soil for fertilizer.