椰心叶甲人工饲料的研制及应用效果评价

为了获得入侵害虫椰心叶甲Brontispa longissima(Gestro)的人工饲料,在分析其天然寄主叶片水分和营养成分基础上,借鉴其它鞘翅目昆虫人工饲料配方,进行椰心叶甲人工饲料的配制和筛选,并评价人工饲料饲养的椰心叶甲对其寄生蜂椰甲截脉姬小蜂Asecodes hispinarum和椰心叶甲啮小蜂Tetrastichus brontispae的适合性。人工饲料配方的成分:蔗糖4%、椰子粉2%、大豆粉2%、椰树叶粉10%、酵母2%、维生素E 0.3%、抗坏血酸0.2%、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯0.2%、琼脂4%、链霉素0.03%和水75%。用所配制的人工饲料饲养椰心叶甲初孵幼虫,其蛹成活率可达36%,蛹羽化率与对照无显著差异,均在90%以上;雌成虫占52.4%,与对照无显著差异。表明人工饲料饲养所得的椰心叶甲可用于其幼虫寄生蜂椰甲截脉姬小蜂和蛹寄生蜂椰心叶甲啮小蜂的扩繁。

Development of the artificial diet for coconut leaf beetle, Brontispa longissima and the efficacy for mass rearing

To develop artificial diets in the rearing program of coconut leaf beetle, Brontispa longissima (Gestro), an artificial diet was designed based on the analysis of nutrition content of palm plants and experiences of artificial diet for beetle rearing. Ingredients of the artificial diet developed for B.longissima were 4% sucrose, 2% dried coconut powder, 2% soybean powder, 10% coconut old leaf powder, 2% yeast, 0.3% vitamin E, 0.2% vitamin C, 0.2% methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 4% agar, 0.03% streptomycin and 75% water. The survival rate from hatching to pupae was about 36% when beetles were reared on the diet. There were no significant differences in pupae emergence rate which was above 90% and female ratio of adult which was about 52.4% between artificial diet rearing and coconut leaf rearing. We then examined the suitability of B.longissima reared on the artificial diet as hosts for the larval parasitoid Asecodes hispinarum and pupae parasitoid Tetrastichus brontispae was then examined. There were no significant differences in the parasite rate and female ratio of next generation of parasitoids between artificial diet rearing and natural host rearing. These results indicate that the artificial diet may be useful for rearing B.longissima larvae as hosts for the rearing of A.hispinarum and T.brontispae.