早稻高产施用氮肥技术研究

目的]为建立优质稻栽培技术体系提供理论依据。方法]以水稻品种赣早籼46号为材料,研究不同施肥方式(T1:化肥一次性全层施用。T2:化肥80%全层施用+20%穗肥。T3:有机无机复合肥一次性全层施用。T4:有机无机复合肥80%全层施用+20%穗肥。T5:习惯施肥(CK)。T6:不施N(CK0))对土壤和淹水层NH4-N含量、水稻产量、叶绿素含量和N肥当季利用率的影响。结果]分蘖始期各处理表土层NH4-N含量为:T5>T1>T3>T2>T4>T6;孕穗末期各处理下层土壤NH4-N含量为:T1>T3>T4=T5>T2>T6;分蘖始期,处理T5淹水层NH4-N含量最高;各处理水稻叶绿素含量为:T2>T4>T1>T3>T5>T6;处理T1的N肥当季利用率最高,达到63.34%;处理T3的水稻产量最高。结论]全层施肥可提高N肥当季利用率。

Study on Nitrogen Application Technique for Early Rice with High Yield

Objective] The study was to provide the theoretical basis for establishing cultivation technique system for high quality rice.Method] With rice variety Ganzaoxian 40 as the material,the effects of different fertilization modes(T1: onetime and whole layer application of chemical fertilizer;T2: whole layer application of 80% chemical fertilizer + 20% panicle fertilizer;T3: onetime and whole layer application of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer;T4: whole layer application of 80% organic-inorganic compound fertilizer+ 20% panicle fertilizer;T5: conventional fertilization(CK);T6: without N application(CK0)) on the content of NH4-N in soil and flooding layer,the yield and chlorophyll content in rice were studied.Result] The content of NH4-N in epipedon soil in all treatments in order was T5>T1>T3>T2>T4>T6 in initial tillering stage.The content of NH4-N in subsoil in all treatments in order was T1>T3>T4=T5>T2>T6 in late booting stage.In initial tillering stage,the NH4-N content in flooding layer in T5 was the highest.The chlorophyll content in rice in all treatments in order was T2>T4>T1>T3>T5>T6.The N utilization rate in current season in T1 was the highest,reaching 63.34%.The rice yield in T3 was the highest.Conclusion] Whole layer fertilization could increase the N utilization rate in current season.