福建省道路网络对土地利用转换的影响分析

依据2000-2010 年的福建省土地利用变化,利用缓冲区分析识别道路网络的影响范围,在不同尺度下,基于该影响域范围,利用相关分析研究了多尺度下道路网络密度与土地利用变化面积指数之间的相关性,同时分析了土地利用转换的地形特征,得到了路网密度影响土地利用转变的阈值。研究结果表明:道路网络对土地利用的影响范围为1 000 m,并且福建省道路建设是导致林地、灌丛、湿地和农田向建设用地转变的主要因素之一。从多尺度下土地利用发生转变的地形特征来看,林地向建设用地转变的高程主要在230~360 m,灌丛向建设用地转变的高程主要在100~180 m,湿地向建设用地转变的高程主要在60~100 m,农田向建设用地转变的高程主要在110~200 m;土地利用转变均发生在坡度7°以下;土地利用转变均发生在南坡。从多尺度下导致土地利用发生转变的路网密度阈值来看,林地转变为建设用地时的路网密度阈值为1.98~2.27 km·km^-2;灌丛转变为建设用地时的路网密度阈值为2.29~2.92 km·km^-2;湿地转变为建设用地时的路网密度阈值为2.61~3.01 km·km^-2;农田转变为建设用地时的路网密度阈值为2.23~2.98 km·km^-2。

The Analysis of Road Networks' Influences on the Changes of Landuse in Fujian Province, China

Based on the changes of landuse in Fujian Province during 2000-2010, this research used the buffer analysis to define the areas impacted by the road networks. Then, the study used the correlation analysis to achieve the relationship between the density of road networks and landuse transformation in the impacted areas under the different scales. Also, the terrain features of landuse conversion were analyzed. Finally, the threshold of road networks' density was achieved. The results showed that road networks' range of influence was 1 000 m, and the road construction in Fujian Province was one of the reasons that caused the following transformations: forest transformation to construction, shrub transformation to construction, wetland transformation to construction, farmland transformation to construction. According to the terrain features of landuse transformation under different scales, the following results were obtained: the transformation from forest to construction happened in the altitude of 230~360 m, the transformation from shrub to construction happened in the altitude of 100~180 m, the transforma-tion from wetland to construction happened in the altitude of 60~100 m, the transformation from farmland to construction happened in the al-titude of 110~200 m, the changes of landuse occurred in the south slope beneath 7°; According to the threshold of road networks' density, the study achieved the following results: the threshold of the transformation from forest to construction was between 1.98 km·km^-2 and 2.27 km· km^-2, the threshold of the transformation from shrub to construction was between 2.29 km·km^-2 and 2.92 km·km^-2, the threshold of the trans-formation from wetland to construction was between 2.61 km·km^-2 and 3.01 km·km^-2, the threshold of the transformation from farmland to construction was between 2.23 km·km^-2 and 2.98 km·km^-2.