Cobalt deficiency in sheep and diagnostic reference ranges

Abstract

Extract

In the last 2 years, two papers have been published suggesting that current New Zealand reference criteria for diagnosing cobalt deficiency should be reviewed (Grace et al 2003), and they are conservatively high and lead to the over-diagnosis of vitamin B₁₂ deficiency and ill-thriftiness in sheep (Gruner et al 2004). The comments refer to reference ranges cited by animal health diagnostic laboratories. These reference ranges were derived from the paper by Clark et al (1989 Clark, RG, Wright, DF, Millar, KR and Rowland, JD. 1989. Reference curves to diagnose cobalt deficiency in sheep using liver and serum vitamin B₁₂ levels.. New Zealand Veterinary Journal, 37: 7–11. Taylor &; Francis Online], Web of Science ®] , Google Scholar]), which reviewed data from published and unpublished weight gain response trials preceding that date. The review included all published trials in New Zealand and as many unpublished trials that the authors could obtain. They involved serum vitamin B12 data from 54 trials and liver vitamin B₁₂ data from 21 trials. It was stated that more data from trials conducted in autumn were required to reliably determine an autumn response curve. In addition, it was envisaged that as other trial data became available the reference curves could be upgraded (Clark et al 1985 Clark, RG, Wright, DF and Millar, KR. 1985. A proposed new approach and protocol to defining mineral deficiencies using reference curves. Cobalt deficiency in young sheep is used as a model.. New Zealand Veterinary Journal, 33: 1–5. Taylor &; Francis Online], Web of Science ®] , Google Scholar]).