野生大豆抗旱性鉴定及研究

1999年对410份野生大豆进行抗旱性初步评价基础上，2000—2002年对13份野生大豆做进一步抗旱性评价，并与半野生大豆、栽培大豆的抗旱性进行比较。结果表明：野生大豆中存在高度抗旱基因型，其中ZYD1936、ZYD3654的平均抗旱系数大于0．6500，系1级抗旱材料，且抗旱性稳定。平均抗旱系数与株高、结荚高度、分枝数、主茎节数、单株荚数、单株粒数均呈负相关，与单株粒重和百粒重呈正相关。高度抗旱野生资源的特点：生育日数120天左右，株高200cm左右，主茎明显，主茎节数较多，分枝数较少且短，结荚部位较低；中型椭圆叶，紫花，棕毛，无限结荚蔓生习性；小粒、黑种皮、椭圆粒，以二、三粒荚为主，一粒荚次之，四粒荚较少，一级抗旱材料的四粒荚比栽培大豆多。

STUDIES ON THE DROUGHT RESISTANCE OF WILD SOYBEAN GERMPLASM

Drought resistance of 16 wild soybean accessions was evaluated from 2000 to 2002. On the basis of primary drought resistance identifications to 410 wild soybeans were accessions in 1999. Drought resistance between wild soybean and cultivated soybean was studied. The result showed: the highly drought resistance types were existed in wild soybean germplasm. An average coefficient of drought resistant of wild soybeans was over 0.6615. The drought resistant of ZYD1936 and ZYD3654 was stable. Average coefficient of drought resistant was close negative correlation with plant weight, node numbers on main stem, grains of per plant and was close positive correlation with weight of per plant. Characters of the highly drought resistance of wild soybeans are the growing period is 120 days, plant height is 100 centimeters, there are more node numbers on main stem and there are purple bloom, palm gross and rampant in pod. Characters of seeds are black, elliptical and small. However, the pods with four seeds of wild soybean are more than that of cultivated soybean.