江西马头山自然保护区蜘蛛群落多样性研究

江西省马头山自然保护区蜘蛛物种和群落多样性的调查研究表明：取样区内蜘蛛标本1750个，经鉴定计27科73属168种，其中江西新记录种95种，另有未确定种16种，主要分布群为圆蛛、跳蛛、球蛛、狼蛛、肖蛸、皿蛛、蟹蛛和盗蛛等科，依其植被和景观的不同，可将该区划分为10种类型。运用多种测定方法，着重分析了蜘蛛群落的垂直分层格局和水平分布格局的多样性特点及其与栖息地的关系。马头山自然保护区蜘蛛资源非常丰富，有利用的物质基础，其中水平分布格局的特点是耕作区和非耕作区蜘蛛种类和群体密度不同，垂直分布格局的特点是蜘蛛种类数和个体量均随高度的增加呈渐次递减趋势，蜘蛛群落结构特征主要受生境中植被类型、昆虫相及环境中温湿度梯度等外界因素的影响，人类活动对群落建立和演变有重要影响。

Studies on Diversity of Spider Community in Matoushan Natural Reserve in Jiangxi Province

Diversity of spider species and community structure in Matoushan Natural Reserve , Jiangxi Province has been studied. All 1750 pieces of spider specimens from this area contain 168 known species belonging to 27 families and 73 genera, in which 95 species are new records in JiangXi Province,and 16 species have not been identified.The main components of the spider community in the area are Araneidae,Salticidae,Theridiidae,Lycosidae,Tetragnathidae,Linyphiidae,Thomisidae, Pisauridae,and so on.According to its different vegetation and landscape types, the area is divided into ten types of ecological fields. By using several measures, both the stratification pattern and zonation pattern of the spider community are discussed in this paper.The result shows that,the spider resources in this area are abundant and valuable,the zonation pattern of the spider community is that the spider kinds or community types from the farmed zone are different from those in the unfarmed zone, the stratification pattern of the spider community shows a gradual decline tendency of spider kinds and number with the gradual increase of the altitude, the spider species and community structure are affected by different vegetation types, insect compositions and temperature-moisture grades,and the foundation and succession of the spider community are seriously interrupted by some human activities.