远志茯苓醇提物改善学习记忆障碍的实验研究

目的通过观察中药远志茯苓醇提物对学习记忆障碍动物模型的影响,研究其改善学习记忆障碍的药理作用,并探讨其作用机制,为中药远志茯苓能够预防和治疗老年性痴呆即阿尔茨海默病提供可靠的依据.方法通过避暗法观察远志茯苓醇提物对东莨菪碱所致记忆获得性障碍模型小鼠的影响;通过跳台法观察远志茯苓醇提物对30%乙醇所致记忆再现障碍模型小鼠的影响;通过Morris水迷宫法观察远志茯苓醇提物对戊巴比妥钠所致空间方向辨别障碍模型小鼠的影响;应用放射免疫分析方法测定东莨菪碱所致记忆获得障碍模型小鼠血清和脑组织中乙酰胆碱酯酶的含量.结果远志茯苓醇提物能减少东莨菪碱所致记忆获得障碍模型小鼠5 min内学习及记忆实验的错误次数,延长潜伏期;能减少30%乙醇所致记忆再现障碍模型小鼠5 min内进入暗室内的次数（错误次数）,延长进入暗室的潜伏期;能缩短戊巴比妥钠所致空间方向辨别障碍模型小鼠在空间搜索实验中第一次到达原平台所在位置的时间,并增加穿越原平台的次数;能有效降低东莨菪碱所致记忆获得性障碍模型小鼠血清和脑组织中乙酰胆碱酯酶的含量.结论远志茯苓醇提物能改善多种化学药物所致学习记忆障碍模型小鼠的学习记忆能力,可能通过抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶合成,减少乙酰胆碱水解,提高血清和脑内乙酰胆碱水平而发挥改善学习记忆的作用.

Experimental Studies on Effects of EEPP on Learning and Memory Dysfunctions

Objective To observe the behavioral effects of Ethanol extract of Polygala tenuifolia and Poria cocos（EEPP）on learning and memory dysfunctions induced by chemical agents in mice and study its possible mechanisms to provide theoretical evidence for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）.MethodEffects of EEPP on acquired learning and memory disorders induced by scopolamine in mice were observed by using step-through test;Effects of EEPP on reappeared memory disorder induced by 30% alcohol in mice were inspected by using step-down test;Effects of EEPP on space orientation disorder induced by pentobarbital were examined by using Morris water maze;Radioimmunoassay was used to detect acetycholinesterase（AChE）activities in serum and brain of mice with acquired learning and memory disorders induced by scopolamine.ResultsEEPP could decrease the number of error within 5 minutes and prolong the latency of mice with acquired learning and memory disorders induced by scopolamine;EEPP could reduce the numbers of error within 5 minutes and prolong the latency of mice with reappeared memory disorder induced by 30% alcohol;EEPP could shorten the escape latency in place navigation test and decrease the time searching the original platform and improve the times of crossing the original platform in the spatial probe test in mice with space orientation disorder induced by pentobarbital;EEPP could decrease AChE activities in the brain and serum of mice with acquired learning and memory disorder induced by scopolamine.ConclusionEEPP would improve the learning and memory abilities of mice with learning and memory disorders induced by some chemical agents.EEPP may exert its effect by inhibiting AChE synthesis and decreasing acetylcholine（ACh）hydrolysis in the brain and serum of the mice.