橡胶林土壤中磷的动态变化特征规律研究

对西双版纳橡胶林保护带土壤种植距瓣豆豆科绿肥覆盖、野生杂草生长覆盖、及橡胶割胶和不割胶对种植带和保护带土壤中不同层次全磷和有效磷含量影响的季节动态变化进行了研究(2009年7月～2010年8月)。结果表明,橡胶林土壤中全磷和有效磷因橡胶生长,割胶及植被覆盖影响呈现垂直性空间变化和季节性动态变化。全磷和有效磷含量呈现表层(0～20 cm)>中层(20～40 cm)>底层(40～60 cm)的趋势。全磷7～10月变化趋势较大;11～12月变化趋势较小。未割胶条件下橡胶林土壤全磷含量高于割胶土壤,割胶对土壤中有效磷含量影响较大,7月份较低,12月份较高。割胶杂草覆盖土壤中有效磷含量>未割胶杂草覆盖和割胶绿肥覆盖。种植带土壤全磷含量高于保护带,未割胶杂草覆盖种植带有效磷高于保护带;绿肥覆盖条件下全磷与酸性磷酸酶呈显著正相关。说明割胶促进了橡胶对土壤中磷的吸收,绿肥覆盖能促进土壤中磷的循环,杂草生长和橡胶根系对土壤中磷具有富集作用。

Variations of Phosphorus in Rubber Forest Soil

Dynamic of soil total phosphorus(total-P) and available phosphorus(available-P) were monitored for one year(July 2009-August 2010) at protection area for CentrosemapubescensBenth green manure covering and weed vegetation covering,at cultivated area for no covering in rubber forest of Xishuangbanna.And analysis effect of rubber tapping and no rubber tapping on phosphorus of different depth,different time's soil of protection area and cultivate area.Results show that soil toal phosphorus and available phosphorus varied sharply with seasons and soil depth layers in rubber forest by rubber growth,rubber tapping and vegetation cover affected.Showing a trend of surface(0-20 cm) > middle(20-40 cm) > bottom(40-60 cm) for total-P and available-P.The variations in total-P content were higher from July to August,but had no significant content variation from December to November.Content of soil total-P under no rubber tapping were higher than that of rubber tapping.Available-P was significantly affected by rubber tapping,founding content of available-P is lower in July than that of in November.And content of soil available-P under rubber tapping and weed covering was higher than no rubber tapping and weed covering,rubber tapping and green covering.Founding content o f total-P in cultivate area were higher than protection area.And available-P had similar trend in no rubber tapping and weed covering soil.At green covering soils,total-P content had significantly positive correlations with acid phosphatase content.Which indicates rubber tapping could improve rubber absorbing soil phosphorus,Founding green covering model could promote soil phosphorus cycling;soil phosphorus could be enrichment by weed growth and rubber root system.