塔里木河下游生态输水对环境的动态影响与防治对策

近几十年来,塔里木河下游河道断流,地下水水位剧烈下降,天然植被衰退,为恢复和重建塔里木河下游严重受损的生态系统,从2001～2006年,先后进行了8次生态应急输水.在实地考察和前人研究的资料基础上,对塔里木河下游生态输水的背景进行介绍,通过对生态输水后地下水位恢复情况、地下水矿化度变化、植被对生态输水的响应以及生态输水对土地沙漠化情况影响的分析,由此反映生态输水的效益,从而对塔河下游生态输水中存在的问题进行探讨.

Effect of Ecological Water Delivery in Lower Reaches of Tarim River on Environmental Dynamic State and Its Control Measures

The main objectives of this study were to analyze the effects of the ecological water delivery in lower reaches of Tarim River on the environmental dynamic state.In recent decades,there have existed water interception in river course,the sharp drop of grounderwater level and retrogradation of natural vegetation in lower reaches of Tarim River.Eight times of ecological emergency water delivery was successively conducted from 2001 to 2006.On the basis of obatined data,the ecological water delivery situation in lower reaches of Tarim River was introducted in this paper.