红花主要农艺性状与单株籽粒产量的相关和通径分析

对来自世界各地的48份栽培红花品种的主要农艺性状进行相关和通径分析.相关分析结果表明,9个相关性状对单株籽粒产量影响的顺序:单株粒数＞百粒重＞单株有效果球数＞平均每果粒数＞株高＞一级分枝数＞开花期＞单株无效果球数.多元回归分析表明,百粒重(x1)、单株无效果球数(x3)、单株粒数(x4)、一级分枝数(x6)是影响产量的主要因素,4个因素对产量的多元回归方程为(y=-8.784 3.773 x1 0.067 x3 0.025 x4-0.046 x6(r=0.981**).通径分析表明,单株粒数对单株籽粒产量的直接效应最大,其次为百粒重,二者是红花品种选育的主要目标性状和高产栽培的主攻方向.减少单株无效果球数可大幅提高单株籽粒产量.单株籽粒产量高产株型应是株高、一级分枝数适中,单株粒数、平均每果粒数多,单株有效果球数多、无效果球数少,百粒重高,开花期短者.

The Correlation and Path Analysis of the Seed Yield Per Plant and Mainly Agronomic Traits in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

48 varieties of safflower came from all over the world were used to study the relationships between the seed yield per plant and mainly agronomic traits by using correlation and path analysis.The affected order of these factors to seed yield per plant was as follwes: number of seeds per plant>100-seed yield>number of non-effective cones per plant>seed number per cone>number of primary branches>plant height>anthesis>number of effective cones per plant.Multiple regression analysis showed that 100-seed yield(x_(1)),number of non-effective cones per plant(x_(3)),number of seeds per plant(x_(4)) and number of primary branches(x_(6)) were the main traits affected seed yield per plant.Multiple regression equation of seed yield per plant and four traits was(y=-8.7844+3.7731x_(1)+0.0667x_(3)+0.0245x_(4)-0.0464x_(6))(r=0.9813~(**)).The direct effect of number of seeds per plant was the strongest,and 100-seed yield was the next.Both of them were the focus on the high yielding breeding and cultivation of safflower varieties.The high yield safflower varieties showed they have moderate plant height number of primary branches,more effective cone numbers more seeds per plant and per cone, also with fewer ineffective cones per plant,higher 100-seed yield and shorter anthesis.